Introduce the `rules` module beneath `canonical`. The implementation follows
the Canonical References RIP[^0].
A `Rule` defines the DIDs and threshold required to get the canonical tip
for a reference (or set of references). Since a `Rule` has some specific
validation rules, there can be two versions of a `Rule`. The `RawRule` is one
that can be easily constructed, serialized, and deserialized. It must then be
validated into a `ValidRule`, which validates any constraints, and can be used
in the computing of a canonical tip.
For convenience, a set of `ValidRule`s is wrapped into the `Rules` type, which
also has a further constraint that each rule refers to a specific `refspec`.
[0]: 1d1ce874f7
af6cf03acd